Despite advances in modern medicine that prevent most complications, giving birth remains perilous in Africa due to a lack of quality care. Africa now accounts for 70% of global maternal deaths, with approximately 178,000 mothers and one million newborns each year succumbing to preventable causes. This decline is occurring at the current rate (-2.2% per year), according to the United Nations. Experts point to the absence or poor implementation of public policies as a contributing factor.
Despite the advances of modern medicine, giving birth remains a deadly ordeal for many women in Africa. Pregnancy and motherhood, which are supposed to be joyful times, can turn tragic due to a lack of access to adequate care. In light of this, it is essential to examine the factors that contribute to such high levels of maternal mortality on the continent, as well as the actions that can be taken to address this issue.
“As the AU Champion for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, I reiterate that our reforms must be measured by their human impact. Our success requires primary healthcare, vaccines, nutrition, and tailored care for every mother and every child. That is why my roadmap aims for three zeros: zero home births, zero preventable maternal and infant deaths, and zero unvaccinated children.” Thanks to strong political will, good governance, and robust partnerships, let us strengthen our health systems. I call upon this ministerial committee to adopt a concrete pact for maternal and child survival in Africa.
Samia Suluhu Hassan, President of the Republic of Tanzania
The United Nations’ assessment is unequivocal: according to estimates from their Inter-Agency Group published in 2025, maternal mortality fell by 40% between 2000 and 2023, from 727 to 442 deaths per 100,000 live births. But this progress is insufficient. Africa currently accounts for 70% of global maternal deaths, with approximately 178,000 mothers and one million newborns each year succumbing to preventable causes. At the current rate (-2.2% per year), the region will have nearly 350 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2030, far from the SDG target (<70).
“Although progress has been made, maternal and infant mortality rates during the first 28 days remain alarming. It is essential to address their leading causes, including obstetric hemorrhage (antepartum and postpartum), hypertensive disorders such as eclampsia, infectious diseases, and difficulties related to childbirth, which are the leading causes of maternal mortality in Namibia.”
Esperance Luvindao, Minister of Health and Social Welfare – Namibia
The medical causes of these deaths are well known: hemorrhage, hypertension, infections, unsafe abortions, dystocia, prematurity, sepsis, and congenital anomalies. Why then is the continent failing to definitively eradicate these scourges? Experts point to the absence or poor implementation of public policies. This deficit translates concretely into insufficient funding, governance problems, a severe staff shortage, and recurring crises (epidemic outbreaks, armed conflicts) that disrupt healthcare systems.
“Africa is not content to be a mere spectator of global health; it is establishing itself as one of its emerging builders. I welcome the innovation emanating from the continent and this determination to act that characterizes Africa’s fight to eradicate preventable maternal deaths. We must capitalize on this momentum until every pregnancy receives prenatal care, every birth takes place safely, and every woman’s potential can be fully realized.”
Diene Keita, Executive Director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) – Côte d’Ivoire
Reducing maternal mortality in Africa requires strengthening health systems. This requires building and equipping health centers, especially in rural areas, and training more qualified staff to manage obstetric emergencies. Furthermore, improved access to prenatal care and safe deliveries in appropriate facilities are essential to prevent complications.
